Petrignani and Others v Italy: When Confiscation Outruns Individual Responsibility
The European Court of Human Rights’ May 2026 judgment examines the legality and proportionality of confiscation orders imposed through joint liability for proceeds attributed to multiple offenders.
Euribor Appeals: What the Quashed Convictions Reveal About Proof and Fair Trial
The October 2026 reversal of Christian Bittar’s Euribor conviction adds to a series of overturned rate-rigging convictions and raises questions about proof, jury directions, and the reliability of complex financial prosecutions.
BCCI and the Limits of Financial Supervision
The collapse of BCCI and the Three Rivers litigation illuminate the difference between proven institutional facts, pleaded allegations, and the legal threshold for public-office misfeasance.
The Evidence Trail: Reconstructing What Financial Records Can Establish
A practical framework for preserving, ordering, and testing financial records while distinguishing documented facts from interpretation.